9 things to ask your accountant when starting a business in the UK

Starting your business in the UK  is exciting; you don’t have to work the 9-5, can be your own boss and can create your own schedule. However, it’s not easy. You have to think about how to operate your business, sales and marketing plans, bookkeeping and filing tax returns and so much more. You will wear many hats!​

Seeking professional advice can help you set up and kick start your business in the UK smoothly while you can focus on the aspects of your business that are an effective use of your time - hopefully driving revenue!​

In this blog, we’ll discuss 9 things you should ask your accountant when starting a business. From “How should I structure my business?”,  “How should I finance my business?” to “What happens if I want to exit my business?”; having these discussions will help both you and your accountant understand how to set yourself up for success and achieve your goals.​

Many business owners hesitate to hire an accountant before starting a business or in the startup phase because of the cost. However, accountants do more than file taxes and keep books. ​

An experienced accountant acts as a business advisor for businesses. From setting up financial goals, establishing a financial system, maintaining compliance, and providing guidance based on your business's financial performance, they can assist you with navigating the financial aspects of your business. They can also ensure that you are claiming all the deductions you can and in particular any eligible pre-setup costs.​

One of the most important decisions to make when starting a business is to choose a business structure that suits you. ​

Should your business be set up as a sole trader, partnership or company? What are the advantages and disadvantages of these structures? How does the business structure impact my tax obligations? How much time and costs are involved in setting up the business structure that suits you? How much control do you want to have in your business? What about asset protection and fundraising? What if you want to exit your business in the future? ​

You should carefully consider these factors when choosing a business structure. No matter how you decide to proceed, an accountant can assist you in weighing your options and mitigating risks.​

Read more: Should you class your business as a sole trader or a company?​

Some common ways to finance your business are using your own savings (referred to as bootstrapping), borrowing money against your equity or taking on debt from a bank, borrowing from family or friends and taking advantage of government grants and crowdfunding. ​

The best way to finance your business depends on your circumstances, but an accountant can assist you in weighing the pros and cons of your options. For example, if you can do so, bootstrapping is likely the most straightforward way to start a business and ensure that you retain full ownership. However, you should keep your overhead costs at a minimum especially when you’re just starting out. Although you'll give up some of your shares if you decide to go down the equity financing route, you'll receive a capital investment that can be used for marketing, R&D, payroll, product development and more. ​

It’s recommended by Beany accountants that you should keep your business bank account separate from your personal one. In fact, you really need 2 - one separate business account for your normal business trading transactions and the other for your tax savings. ​

If you’re VAT registered, putting aside 15% of your gross sales should ensure that you always have sufficient funds to pay your VAT. On top of that, you should also put aside funds to cover your income tax and national insurance contributions if you’re a sole trader or corporation tax if you operate through a company - the amount depends on how much you earn, but some indicative figures based on the 2022-2023 tax rates would be:​

You can discuss your specific situation with your accountant to decide on an appropriate figure for your business. This will then ensure you have enough money to pay the HMRC at tax time. ​

As a business owner, you should keep detailed records of all transactions. These include:​

There are also a number of legal documents that you need to keep, such as employment contracts, contracts with suppliers or trading partners; a lawyer can advise you on this.​

Nowadays HMRC will accept electronic copies of most documents, so these can be saved electronically using Xero Files, HubDoc, Receipt Bank or Google Drive. In most cases, you’re required to keep these records for 5 years from the date you lodge the relevant tax return. ​

For more detailed guidelines on record keeping, visit HMRC’s website.​

If your business’s turnover exceeds £90,000 per year, or you expect it to exceed this threshold in the next year, then you will need to register for VAT. You can also choose to be VAT registered voluntarily, even though you earn under £90,000; you may wish to do this for one of the following reasons:​

If you want or need to register for VAT, simply follow these steps on HMRC’s website or you can let your Beany accountant handle this.​

Read more: The basics business owners need to know about VAT​

Your tax obligations will vary according to your business type, the number of employees and the benefits you offer your employees.​

A sole trader business structure is taxed as part of their own personal income. This means sole traders are taxed at Individual Income Tax Rates and entitled to a tax-free allowance of £12,570. From 6 April 2022, individual tax rates are below:​

Sole traders must also pay two types of National Insurance Contributions, Class 2 and Class 4.​

Class 2 contributions are £3.15 a week if profits are £6,725 or more a year, being £163.80 if the sole trader was in business for the full tax year. ​

Class 4 National Insurance tax rates are below:​

At the end of the financial year, sole traders must file a self assessment tax return by 31 January each year, if filing online.  If filing a paper return, you only have until 31 October to file your return. ​

Read more: Being a sole trader: 8 frequently asked questions​

A company’s tax is more complicated, and it is important to have an accountant like Beany to ensure you understand all the types of tax that could apply to your business. ​

In addition to taxes, you collect and pay, there are expenses you can claim to reduce your taxable income. When you do your tax return, you can claim most business expenses as tax deductions.​

Although you don’t need to know the nitty-gritty of accounting jargon, it’s useful to have a basic understanding when it comes to interpreting your financial statements. The three most important financial statements are balance sheet, profit and loss statement (income statement), and cash flow statement.​

Cloud accounting software such as Xero can provide some of the information you need. You can delve into the profit and loss statement and look at the key figures including sales (revenue), cost of sales, gross profit, non-cash expenses, operating expenses and net profit. ​

The cost of sales can increase if you hire an employee, for example. Your profit and loss statement should reflect an increase in sales or a reduction in your own workload. ​

When starting a business in the UK, many people focus on initial setup and target markets, but it's wise to have a solid exit strategy, whether you're in it for the long haul or open to potential opportunities. You should discuss this with your accountant as they may have some recommendations on what you should look out for.  These include appropriate structuring advice, how the owners are remunerated, and the way certain items are shown in the financial statements.​

At Beany, we have a starter pack designed to help kick-start your business. For £45 + VAT per month (for 1 year only), you can get:​

Contact us today and we will prepare you for growth. ​

We’re an online accounting firm that is always right here for you, your accounting pain relief. The most advanced technology lets us work way more closely with you than a normal accountant world. ​​

We have a dedicated team of certified accountants and a support team to take care of your business no matter where you are, so you can focus on growing your business. We take out the ‘fluff’, break down the barriers and get things done. Looking out for you is what we are all about. Get started for free today.​